Basva’s Farm – Class 4 EVS NCERT Solutions

Explore the solutions for Basva’s Farm, Class 4 EVS NCERT. This chapter teaches children about farming, different agricultural practices, and the importance of family cooperation in agricultural work. Students learn about various farming tools, crop cultivation processes, and the value of hard work through Basva’s story.

Chapter Summary (English)

The chapter “Basva’s Farm” tells the story of a young boy named Basva who lives in Belvanika village, Karnataka. His father is a farmer who cultivates onions. The chapter describes the complete process of onion farming – from preparing the soil using tools like Khunti to harvesting and selling the crop. Through Basva’s narrative, we learn about various farming implements, the importance of timing in agriculture, and how the entire family works together during the farming season. The chapter also highlights the challenges farmers face and the careful attention needed at each stage of crop cultivation.

अध्याय सारांश (Hindi)

अध्याय “बसवा का खेत” कर्नाटक के बेलवनिका गाँव में रहने वाले बसवा नाम के एक छोटे लड़के की कहानी है। उसके पिता किसान हैं जो प्याज की खेती करते हैं। यह अध्याय प्याज की खेती की पूरी प्रक्रिया का वर्णन करता है – खुंटी जैसे औजारों से मिट्टी तैयार करने से लेकर फसल की कटाई और बिक्री तक। बसवा के विवरण के माध्यम से, हम विभिन्न कृषि उपकरणों, खेती में समय के महत्व और कैसे पूरा परिवार खेती के मौसम के दौरान मिलकर काम करता है, के बारे में सीखते हैं।

Find out

1. In Basva’s area an implement called Khunti is used to loosen the soil. What is this kind of implement called in your area? Draw it and discuss.

In my area, we call this implement “Kudali” or “Khurpi”. It is a hand-held tool with a sharp iron blade attached to a wooden handle. Farmers use it to:

• Break up hard soil and make it loose for planting
• Remove weeds from between crop rows
• Create furrows for sowing seeds
• Level the soil after ploughing

2. Find out from a farmer or some elders in your family, what kinds of crops are grown in your area.

In our area, farmers grow several types of crops throughout the year:

• Kharif Season (Monsoon): Rice, maize, soybeans, and groundnuts
• Rabi Season (Winter): Wheat, mustard, peas, and potatoes
• Summer Season: Vegetables like cucumber, pumpkin, and watermelon

Sowing the Seeds

3. What other ways could be used to plough the fields instead of animals? Discuss.

Modern farming has several alternatives to animal ploughing:

• Tractors: Most commonly used modern equipment that can plough large areas quickly
• Power Tillers: Smaller motorized equipment suitable for small fields
• Rotavators: Machine attachments that break up and mix soil efficiently
• Modern Cultivators: Mechanized tools that prepare soil for planting

Growing Plants

4. Draw any crop which you have seen in the field.

As a student, I have drawn a wheat crop growing in a field. My drawing shows:

• Tall green stalks swaying in the wind
• Golden wheat ears at the top of each plant
• Multiple rows of crops in the field
• Some farmers working in the background

Do you know why?

5. Do you help the elders in your family in their work? What do you help with?

Yes, I help my family with various tasks:

• Helping in the kitchen garden by watering plants and removing weeds
• Assisting in sorting and cleaning vegetables before cooking
• Helping to organize and store grains and pulses properly
• Participating in post-harvest activities like drying and cleaning grains

6. Do you enjoy doing that work?

Yes, I really enjoy helping my family because:

• It gives me practical knowledge about farming and food production
• I get to spend quality time with family members
• It makes me feel responsible and useful
• I learn important life skills and values
• The work connects me to nature and helps me understand where our food comes from

Write answers in your notebook

7. Why should Basva help Appa in the field only after school hours and on holidays?

Basva should help his Appa only after school hours and on holidays because:

• Education is his primary responsibility at this age
• Regular school attendance is crucial for his future
• He needs to maintain a balance between studies and helping at home
• This arrangement allows him to fulfill both his educational and family responsibilities

8. Are there any fields near your house? What is grown there?

Yes, there are several agricultural fields near my house. The farmers grow:

• Paddy (rice) during the monsoon season
• Wheat and mustard in winter
• Various vegetables like potatoes, tomatoes, and cauliflower throughout the year
• Some farmers also grow flowers for commercial purposes

9. Basva’s Appa takes the onions to the market in a truck. Think, how would fruits and vegetables be taken to another place, if there were no proper roads?

Without proper roads, farmers would need to use alternative methods:

• Animal-drawn carts (bullock carts, horse carts)
• Carrying produce in baskets on head or shoulders
• Using small boats through waterways where available
• Pack animals like donkeys or mules in hilly areas
• Making temporary paths through fields

10. What kind of vehicles are used to carry fruits and vegetables? Draw a picture of one of these vehicles in your notebook.

Various vehicles are used to transport fruits and vegetables:

• Small pickup trucks for local transportation
• Refrigerated trucks for long-distance transport
• Tempo and mini trucks for medium distances
• Three-wheeled cargo vehicles for city transport
• Tractor-trolleys in rural areas

Find out and write

11. Given here are pictures of some implements used by Basva’s family. Write the names of the implements. Also write what these are called in your area? What work are they used for?

Picture Based Questions

12. Many steps are needed to grow crops. Look at the pictures and mark them in the correct order.

The correct order of steps in crop cultivation is:

1. Preparing the soil using Khunti (loosening the soil)
2. Ploughing the field with bullocks
3. Sowing seeds in the prepared field
4. Removing weeds from growing crops
5. Monitoring crop growth and maintenance
6. Harvesting the mature crop

13. Find out about a crop that is grown in your area. Also find out the steps that are part of this work. Draw them in your notebook.

Let me describe the cultivation of rice, a common crop in our area:

• Step 1 – Field Preparation: Ploughing and leveling the field
• Step 2 – Nursery: Preparing seedbed and sowing seeds for saplings
• Step 3 – Transplanting: Moving young plants to the main field
• Step 4 – Water Management: Maintaining proper water levels
• Step 5 – Care: Weeding and applying fertilizers
• Step 6 – Harvesting: Cutting and collecting mature rice plants
• Step 7 – Post-harvest: Threshing, drying, and storing the grain