Too Much Water, Too Little Water – Class 4 EVS NCERT Solutions

Explore the solutions for “What to Drink?”, a fascinating chapter that teaches children about the importance of clean water, water conservation, and responsible water usage. This chapter will help young learners understand the critical role of water in our lives and the challenges many people face in accessing clean drinking water.

Chapter Summary

English Summary

The chapter “Too Much Water, Too Little Water” explores water-related challenges through multiple stories and scenarios. It highlights the importance of clean drinking water, water conservation, and the disparities in water access across different communities. The chapter presents three distinct narratives: a visit to a rural home, a day at a water park, and an urban household’s water concerns. Each story reveals different aspects of water management, water scarcity, and the critical need for clean water.

हिंदी सारांश

“क्या पीएं?” अध्याय पानी से संबंधित चुनौतियों को विभिन्न कहानियों और परिदृश्यों के माध्यम से समझाता है। यह साफ पीने के पानी, जल संरक्षण और विभिन्न समुदायों में पानी की पहुंच में असमानताओं के महत्व पर प्रकाश डालता है। अध्याय में तीन अलग-अलग कहानियां प्रस्तुत की गई हैं: एक ग्रामीण घर का दौरा, एक जल पार्क में एक दिन, और एक शहरी परिवार की पानी से संबंधित चिंताएं।

Vocabulary List

Discuss Section Solutions

1. How can unclean or dirty water harm our body?

Unclean or dirty water can harm our body in several serious ways: – It can cause dangerous diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, and typhoid – Harmful bacteria and viruses in contaminated water can lead to severe stomach infections – It can weaken our immune system and cause repeated illnesses – Dirty water may contain toxic chemicals that can damage our internal organs – Children and elderly people are more vulnerable to waterborne diseases

2. Have you ever got dirty or unclean water in your area? What was the reason for this?

As a studious student observing my surroundings, I would note down potential reasons for unclean water: – Improper drainage systems – Mixing of sewage water with drinking water – Industrial waste dumped into water sources – Lack of proper water treatment facilities – Poor maintenance of water storage tanks – Broken or old water pipelines

3. Do you know anyone who has fallen sick because of such water?

In my community, I’ve observed several instances where people suffered from waterborne illnesses: – My neighbor’s young child was hospitalized with severe diarrhoea – During the rainy season, many families in our locality face stomach-related health issues – My school’s health awareness program often discusses the importance of clean drinking water – Some elderly people in our community are more susceptible to water-related health problems

4. When the guest came to Suguna’s house, they offered him a cold drink, because they thought he should not drink such water. What do you think Suguna’s family must be doing for their own drinking water?

Based on the story, Suguna’s family might be: – Boiling water before drinking – Using water purification methods like filtering – Storing water in clean, covered containers – Possibly using water purification tablets – Collecting water from a reliable, clean source – Avoiding direct tap water consumption

5. The guest said he did not take cold drinks. Why do you think he said this?

The guest might have refused cold drinks for several reasons: – Concern about the water quality used in preparing cold drinks – Preference for clean, pure water – Health-conscious approach to beverages – Possible awareness about contamination risks – Wanting to avoid sugary or processed drinks – Understanding the importance of hydration with pure water

Read and Write Section Solutions

6. Have you ever faced a shortage of water in your house? When?

As a studious observer, I have experienced water shortages, particularly during summer months. In our locality, water supply becomes irregular during peak summer when: – Groundwater levels drop significantly – Municipal water supply becomes inconsistent – Bore wells run dry – Increased demand due to rising temperatures – Water tankers become the primary source of water supply

7. What did you do then?

During water shortages, our family adopts several water conservation strategies: – Collected and stored water in multiple containers – Reduced water usage for non-essential activities – Used water carefully and minimized wastage – Reused water from washing vegetables for gardening – Collected rainwater whenever possible – Coordinated with neighbors for fair water distribution

8. Have you ever played in water? Where and when?

I’ve enjoyed water play in several safe and fun environments: – Swimming pools during summer vacations – School water activities during sports days – Splash pools during family outings – Controlled water games during summer camps – Carefully supervised water play areas – Rainwater puddles during monsoon season (with parental supervision)

9. Are there times when you are not allowed to play in water? What are the reasons for this?

There are several situations when water play is restricted: – During extreme weather conditions like thunderstorms – When water sources appear unclean or contaminated – If there are health risks like water-borne diseases – During water conservation periods – When proper safety equipment is not available – If water depth is unsafe for children – During community water scarcity situations

10. Have you seen wastage of water in your area? Discuss.

Water wastage is a significant issue I’ve observed in multiple contexts: – Leaking municipal water pipes – Overflowing public taps – Unnecessary car washing – Improper irrigation techniques in agriculture – Fountains running continuously – People leaving taps open while brushing or shaving – Inefficient household water management

11. The water park had a lot of water to play in but the nearby village people did not have water even to drink. Think about it and discuss.

This scenario highlights critical social and environmental inequalities: – Unequal water distribution across different economic sections – Prioritizing entertainment over basic human needs – Lack of sustainable water management – Economic disparities in water access – Need for more responsible water usage – Importance of community-based water conservation – Ethical considerations in water resource allocation

12. If you go to a water park, find out from where the water comes to the park.

To investigate water sources for water parks, I would: – Ask park management about their water sourcing – Check if they use recycled water – Understand their water treatment processes – Investigate local water supply systems – Examine whether they use groundwater or municipal water – Verify their water conservation methods – Understand environmental impact of their water usage

Can We Drink This? Section Solutions

13. Why was Raziya worried when she read the newspaper?

Raziya was worried because the newspaper reported a serious water contamination issue: – Gutter water had mixed with drinking water pipes – Many people were becoming sick with diarrhoea and vomiting – The water supply in the area was potentially dangerous – There was a risk of widespread health problems – The contamination threatened the community’s health and safety

14. Raziya asked that all the water that was filled the previous day should be thrown. Could this water have been used for something else? What kind of things?

Instead of discarding the water, it could be used for various purposes: – Watering plants and gardens – Cleaning floors and outdoor areas – Washing vehicles – Flushing toilets – Cleaning dustbins and garbage areas – Mopping – Watering street plants or community gardens

15. In what way did she plan to clean the water?

Raziya planned to clean the water through boiling: – Boiling water kills harmful bacteria and germs – She asked to put fresh water to boil for drinking – Boiling is a simple and effective water purification method – It ensures water is safe for consumption – Helps eliminate most waterborne pathogens – Recommended by health experts for water purification

16. Do you know of different ways to clean the water? Describe them.

Different water purification methods include: – Boiling water for at least 10-15 minutes – Using water purification tablets – Installing water filters (RO, UV, Activated Carbon) – Solar water disinfection (leaving water in sunlight) – Chemical treatment with chlorine – Distillation process – Reverse osmosis systems – Ceramic water filters – Using natural purification methods like moringa seeds

17. Suppose, Raziya had not read the news and everyone had drunk the water without boiling it, what could have happened? Discuss.

If the contaminated water was consumed without boiling: – Widespread outbreak of waterborne diseases – Severe cases of diarrhoea and vomiting – Potential risk of cholera or typhoid – Dehydration, especially for children and elderly – Possible hospitalizations – Weakened immune systems – Spread of infectious diseases in the community – Long-term health complications

18. Where Deepak lives, everyone has to stand in a queue to fill water from the common public tap. In Raziya’s house, water comes all day in the tap. Why is this?

The difference in water access could be due to: – Economic disparities – Urban vs. rural infrastructure – Municipal water supply variations – Different water management systems – Income and social status differences – Infrastructure development levels – Community water distribution policies – Location-specific water resource availability

19. Raziya read news about the water in the newspaper. Have you read any news about water in the newspapers? What kind of news?

Water-related news often includes: – Water scarcity reports – Drought conditions – Flood warnings – Water conservation initiatives – Groundwater depletion alerts – Water pollution investigations – River conservation efforts – Water management policies – Climate change impact on water resources – Community water projects

Do and Discuss Section Solution

20. Look through the newspapers of the last one month. Look for all news-items related to water. Cut them out. Stick all the cuttings together on a big paper to make a big collage. Talk about what you have collected. Discuss in the class.

This activity encourages students to: – Develop awareness about water-related issues – Improve research and observation skills – Understand current environmental challenges – Practice creative presentation techniques – Enhance communication and discussion skills – Learn about water resources and conservation – Promote collective learning and sharing of information

Water Survey in School Section Solutions

Group 1 Questions

21. Where does the water in your school come from?

School water typically comes from multiple sources: – Municipal water supply – Underground bore wells – Overhead water tanks – Local water treatment plants – Rainwater harvesting systems – Community water distribution networks

22. In your school, from where do you take water to drink?

Drinking water sources in schools usually include: – Drinking water fountains – Water coolers – Filtered water dispensers – Sealed water containers – Matkas (clay water pots) – Handpumps – Direct tap connections

23. If there is no tap, matka or handpump, then how do you get drinking water?

Alternative water procurement methods: – Bringing water from home – Using water bottles – Requesting water from school office – Sharing water among classmates – Using water dispensers – Collecting water from nearby safe sources

24. Is there water in all the taps or handpumps?

Water availability depends on: – School infrastructure – Local water supply conditions – Maintenance of water systems – Seasonal variations – School budget for water management – Location of the school

25. Is there any tap which is leaking or dripping?

Identifying and reporting leaky taps is crucial: – Wastage of precious water resources – Potential water contamination – Need for immediate repair – Responsibility of school maintenance – Environmental conservation awareness – Cost-effective water management

26. Are all the matkas filled with water and are they covered?

Proper water storage practices include: – Keeping matkas filled with clean water – Using clean, tight-fitting covers – Protecting water from dust and insects – Maintaining water hygiene – Regular cleaning of matkas – Preventing contamination

27. Are the matkas and other water containers cleaned regularly?

Regular cleaning of water containers is essential: – Preventing bacterial growth – Maintaining water quality – Removing sediment and impurities – Ensuring student health – Following hygiene standards – Using appropriate cleaning methods

28. How is water made safe for drinking?

Water purification methods: – Boiling – Using water purification tablets – Installing water filters – UV water treatment – Chlorination – Reverse osmosis systems – Sedimentation – Natural filtration techniques

29. Is there a long-handled ladle to take water from the matka or container? How many ladles are there per container?

Considerations for water distribution: – Hygiene of water collection method – Preventing direct hand contact – Reducing contamination risks – Ensuring equal access – Maintaining cleanliness – Proper water handling practices

30. Is the place around the drinking water–taps or matkas cleaned regularly?

Importance of cleaning water areas: – Preventing bacterial growth – Maintaining hygiene standards – Reducing disease transmission – Creating a clean environment – Promoting health awareness – Teaching students responsibility

Think and Discuss Section

31. Why do the drinking water places get dirty?

Drinking water places can become dirty due to several reasons: – Lack of regular cleaning – High foot traffic – Improper waste disposal – Lack of maintenance awareness – Children’s careless behavior – Absence of proper cleaning protocols – Environmental factors like dust and mud

32. What can we do to keep these places clean?

Steps to maintain clean drinking water areas: – Regular cleaning schedules – Using disinfectants – Creating awareness among students – Implementing strict hygiene rules – Assigning cleaning responsibilities – Using dustbins – Washing hands before and after drinking water – Reporting any spillage immediately

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Find Out and Write Section

33. How often are the containers or matkas and ladles cleaned? Who cleans them?

Proper water container maintenance involves: – Daily cleaning of water containers – Using mild detergents – Assigned cleaning staff or student helpers – School peon or maintenance workers – Following strict cleaning protocols – Ensuring thorough drying of containers – Regular inspection of cleaning processes

34. How many children are there in your school? How many taps, matkas or handpumps are there? Are these sufficient for children?

Water infrastructure assessment requires: – Counting total number of students – Calculating water points per student – Checking water accessibility – Ensuring adequate water supply – Considering peak usage times – Evaluating water distribution efficiency – Proposing improvements if necessary

35. Who cleans the places near the water?

Responsibilities for cleaning water areas: – School support staff – Appointed cleaning workers – Student volunteers – Class monitors – Rotation of cleaning duties – Professional cleaning services – Teaching staff supervision

36. Where does the water that is spilt go?

Water spillage management involves: – Proper drainage systems – Designated drainage areas – Preventing water stagnation – Avoiding slippery surfaces – Proper slope for water flow – Efficient water disposal – Environmental considerations

Group 2: Toilet Arrangements Survey

37. What are the toilet arrangements in your school?

School toilet arrangements typically include: – Built toilet blocks – Separate facilities for boys and girls – Multiple toilet cubicles – Clean and maintained spaces – Proper sanitation infrastructure – Adherence to health guidelines – Accessible facilities

38. How many toilets are there?

Toilet count assessment requires: – Counting total toilet facilities – Separate count for boys and girls – Checking adequacy for student population – Ensuring proper spacing – Maintaining cleanliness – Following school infrastructure norms

39. Are there separate toilets for girls and boys?

Importance of separate toilet facilities: – Ensuring student privacy – Following hygiene guidelines – Respecting gender-specific needs – Promoting comfort – Following educational infrastructure standards – Supporting student dignity

40. Is there water in the toilets?

Water availability in school toilets is crucial for: – Maintaining cleanliness – Proper sanitation – Flushing facilities – Hand washing – Hygiene management – Meeting basic student needs – Following health guidelines

41. Where does the water come from?

Water sources for school toilets include: – Municipal water supply – Underground bore wells – Overhead water tanks – Rainwater harvesting systems – Stored water in containers – Community water networks – School’s water infrastructure

42. Is there water for washing hands near the toilet?

Importance of hand washing facilities: – Preventing disease transmission – Promoting personal hygiene – Teaching health awareness – Following sanitation guidelines – Reducing infection risks – Developing good habits – Supporting overall student health

43. Do you wash your hands after using the toilet?

Hand washing is a critical health practice: – Removing harmful germs – Preventing disease spread – Maintaining personal hygiene – Following good health practices – Protecting oneself and others – Developing responsible habits – Demonstrating personal care

44. Is there any tap that is leaking or dripping?

Addressing tap leakages involves: – Preventing water wastage – Reducing maintenance costs – Avoiding potential water damage – Maintaining infrastructure – Promoting water conservation – Ensuring proper facility management – Supporting environmental responsibility

45. Are the toilets kept clean?

Toilet cleanliness is essential for: – Maintaining student health – Preventing disease transmission – Creating a comfortable environment – Promoting personal hygiene – Ensuring school standards – Supporting student well-being – Creating positive school experience

Group 3: Health Survey

46. Health Tracking in Classroom

Tracking health conditions helps: – Monitor student well-being – Identify potential health risks – Understand common health issues – Support preventive healthcare – Create awareness about hygiene – Develop proactive health management – Encourage student health consciousness

Children Show the Way Section

47. Understanding Community Water Conservation

Key lessons from the Holgundi village story: – Children can drive community change – Importance of water conservation – Collaborative problem-solving – Environmental restoration – Community involvement – Sustainable water management – Power of collective action

Health and Hydration Guidance

48. Managing Diarrhoea and Vomiting

Important health guidelines: – Stay hydrated – Drink water with sugar and salt solution – Rest and take light food – Continue mother’s milk for babies – Use home remedies – Consult doctor if symptoms persist – Prevent dehydration

Prepared with care and dedication, these solutions aim to help students understand the critical importance of water, health, and environmental conservation.