From Market to Home – Class 4 EVS NCERT Solutions

Explore the solutions for From Market to Home, Class 4 EVS NCERT. This chapter teaches us about the daily lives of vegetable sellers and their families. It helps us understand the importance of hard work, family cooperation, and the journey of vegetables from market to our homes. We also learn about different types of vegetables, their characteristics, and the dedication of people who work tirelessly to bring fresh vegetables to our tables.

Chapter Summary (English)

The chapter “From Market to Home” follows the story of Vaishali, whose family runs a vegetable selling business. Their day starts unusually early at 3 AM when most people are sleeping. The family works together – Babuji, Amma, Bhaiya, and Vaishali help sort vegetables, while Chhotu helps occasionally. They bring fresh vegetables from the mandi, sort them, and sell them in the bazaar. The chapter shows how each family member has a role to play, from sorting vegetables to sprinkling water on them to keep them fresh. The story also highlights how children balance their studies with helping their family, as both Vaishali and Chhotu attend school while helping with the family business.

अध्याय सारांश (Hindi)

यह अध्याय वैशाली और उसके परिवार की कहानी है, जो सब्जियों का व्यवसाय करते हैं। उनका दिन बहुत जल्दी, सुबह 3 बजे से शुरू होता है, जब अधिकतर लोग सो रहे होते हैं। पूरा परिवार मिलकर काम करता है – बाबूजी, अम्मा, भैया और वैशाली सब्जियों की छंटाई में मदद करते हैं, और छोटू भी कभी-कभी मदद करता है। वे मंडी से ताजी सब्जियां लाते हैं, उन्हें छांटते हैं और बाजार में बेचते हैं। यह अध्याय दिखाता है कि कैसे परिवार का हर सदस्य अपनी भूमिका निभाता है, सब्जियों की छंटाई से लेकर उन्हें ताजा रखने के लिए पानी छिड़कने तक। कहानी यह भी दर्शाती है कि बच्चे कैसे अपनी पढ़ाई और परिवार की मदद में संतुलन बनाते हैं।

Word Meanings

Looking Around

1. Does anyone in your house have to get up very early? What time does he or she get up? Why do they need to get up so early?

Yes, in my house, my father gets up very early at 5:30 AM every morning. He needs to get up early because he has to prepare for his office and catch the 7:00 AM train to reach his workplace on time. Early morning is also the best time for him to exercise and do his morning walk, which helps him stay healthy. Additionally, my mother also wakes up early at 6:00 AM to prepare breakfast and lunch for the family and help us get ready for school.

Let us talk

1. Babuji sells the previous day’s vegetables first. Why do you think he does this?

Babuji sells the previous day’s vegetables first for several important reasons:

• To prevent wastage as vegetables can spoil quickly
• To ensure that older vegetables don’t go bad while fresh ones are being sold
• To maintain the quality of his stock by rotating inventory properly
• To minimize financial losses that would occur if vegetables spoil

2. Have you seen dried or spoilt vegetables? Where?

Yes, I have seen dried and spoilt vegetables in several places:

• In our kitchen when some vegetables are forgotten in the refrigerator for too long
• At the vegetable market, especially during hot summer days
• In the garbage bins where vendors dispose of spoilt vegetables
• Sometimes in the vegetable basket at home when we forget to use them on time

3. How did you know that the vegetables were spoilt?

I could identify spoilt vegetables through various signs:

• They had a bad smell
• Their color had changed from fresh to dark or moldy
• They became too soft and mushy to touch
• Some had white or green fungus growing on them
• The leaves had turned yellow or brown

4. Chhotu is helping his family. What do you think Chhotu has learnt from it?

Through helping his family, Chhotu has learned many valuable life lessons:

• The importance of responsibility and teamwork in a family
• Basic business skills like handling customers and managing inventory
• Time management as he balances his studies with helping the family
• The value of hard work and earning money
• Practical mathematics through handling money and weighing vegetables

5. How do you help the elders in your family?

I help my elders in various ways:

• I keep my room clean and organized
• I help my mother in setting the dining table and cleaning after meals
• I help my grandmother in watering the plants
• I assist my father in organizing newspapers and bills
• I take care of my younger sibling when parents are busy

6. Look at the clocks given below. Write what you do, and what Vaishali does, at the time which the clocks are showing.

Morning (3:00 AM):
Vaishali: Wakes up and starts helping family sort previous day’s vegetables
Me: Fast asleep in bed

Morning (6:30 AM):
Vaishali: Helping sort fresh vegetables brought from mandi
Me: Getting ready for school

Night (10:00 PM):
Vaishali: Already asleep after a long day of work
Me: Completing homework or preparing for next day

7. From where do you get vegetables for your home? Who brings the vegetables?

We get our vegetables from the local vegetable market near our house. Usually, my mother goes to the market twice a week to buy fresh vegetables. Sometimes, we also buy from the vegetable vendor who comes to our colony with his cart every morning. During weekends, my father takes us to the bigger market where we can find more variety of vegetables at better prices.

Some fun with vegetables

1. Find the longest and the shortest one. Measure them.

When I measured different okra (bhindi) from a bunch:

• Longest okra: 12 centimeters
• Shortest okra: 6 centimeters
• The difference in length: 6 centimeters

2. Do all the okra (Bhindi) have the same thickness and colour?

No, I observed that:

• Thickness varies: Some are thicker in the middle while others are more uniform
• Color variations: Some are dark green while others are lighter green
• Young okras are brighter in color and more tender
• Older ones are slightly darker and tougher

3. Cut two okra (Bhindi) lengthwise. Do both of them have the same number of seeds? Draw them in your notebook.

No, the two okras I cut had different numbers of seeds:

• First okra had 42 seeds
• Second okra had 38 seeds
• The seeds were arranged in vertical rows
• Bigger okra had more seeds than the smaller one

4. Seema’s mother has brought some fruits and vegetables from the market. Can you find them in this picture? Colour them and write their names alongside.

In the picture, I can identify:

• Vegetables: Potatoes, Tomatoes, Brinjal, Lady’s finger, Carrot
• Fruits: Bananas, Apple

Find out

1. Which of these fruits/vegetables will spoil earlier, and which will stay for some days?

Fruits and vegetables that spoil quickly:

• Spinach
• Tomato
• Banana
• Grapes
• Cucumber
• Chikoo

• Potato
• Onion
• Pineapple
• Gourd
• Ginger
• Cabbage
• Pear

2. Sort fruits/vegetables into Smooth and Rough categories

Smooth vegetables/fruits:

• Tomato
• Cucumber
• Chikoo
• Pear
• Brinjal

• Gourd
• Ginger
• Pineapple
• Potato

3. Which vegetable do you find the heaviest to carry?

The watermelon is the heaviest vegetable to carry. A single watermelon can weigh between 4-5 kilograms, making it quite heavy for me to carry alone. Other heavy vegetables include pumpkin and large bags of potatoes.

4. Which is the lightest fruit or vegetable that you have eaten?

Green chilies and curry leaves are among the lightest vegetables I have eaten. Among fruits, berries like strawberries and grapes are very light in weight.

5. Write names of three vegetables which do not have seeds.

Three vegetables without seeds are:

• Potato – it grows from eyes or buds
• Carrot – it is a root vegetable
• Ginger – it grows from rhizomes

6. Fill in the table for Apple, Banana, Potato

Interview with vegetable seller

Here are my findings after interviewing a vegetable seller in my area:

Personal Information:

• Name: Ramesh Kumar
• Family members: 5 (including himself)
• Children: 3 (Two daughters aged 12 and 8, one son aged 10)
• All children go to the nearby government school

Business Information:

• Helpers: His wife and elder daughter help after school
• Cart location: Near main market area
• Working hours: 6 AM to 9 PM (15 hours)
• Vegetables sold: Seasonal vegetables like tomatoes, potatoes, onions, leafy vegetables, etc.

Information about three vegetables they sell:

Additional observations from the interview:

• The vegetable seller starts his day very early by going to the mandi
• He maintains good relationships with regular customers
• Prices vary according to season and availability
• He keeps vegetables fresh by sprinkling water and storing them properly
• The whole family works together to run their business successfully

This completes our comprehensive study of Chapter 15: From Market to Home. Through this chapter, we learned about:

• The daily routine of a vegetable seller’s family
• Different types of vegetables and their characteristics
• The importance of family cooperation
• The journey of vegetables from market to home
• Basic business concepts like inventory management and customer service